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MBINU YA WILDLIFE WORKS YA KUPATA IDHINI YA HIARI, YA AWALI NA ILIYO NA TAARIFA YA KUTOSHA (FPIC)

Mfumo wa sasa wa Wildlife Works kwa ajili ya  kutekeleza Idhini ya Hiari, ya Awali na Iliyo Na Taarifa ya Kutosha (FPIC) inawakilisha kanuni elekezi tunazojitahidi kudumisha katika kazi yetu. Kutokana na utata wa maendeleo ya mradi katika mazingira mbalimbali, kuanzia hatari za ukataji miti hadi mienendo ya kisiasa na mandhari ya umiliki wa ardhi, tunatumia kanuni hizi kwa busara na kwa uwezo wa kubadilika ili kudumisha usawa katika ushirikiano wetu.

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Lengo letu kuu linasalia kuwa thabiti: kujenga ushirikiano wenye mafanikio makubwa unaowezesha uundaji-shirikishi kwa msingi wa kuaminiana, kuelewana na idhini ya pande zote mbili, unaotekelezwa kwa heshima na kwa ufanisi katika maisha yote ya mradi.

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MZUNGUKO WA FPIC UNAOENDELEA, USIO NA MTIRIRIKO

Kwa Wildlife Works, FPIC sio tukio la mara moja wala mchakato ulio na mtiririko. Ni mchakato hai inaopumua -mdundo unaobadilika kila wakati wa mazungumzo, uaminifu, na nia ya pamoja. Kama vile ndege aina ya hummingbird anavyopepea, yeye husogea kwa urahisi, hubadilisha mwelekeo kulingana na mihemo ya mahitaji ya jamii, mtiririko wa taarifa na mahusiano yanayoendelea kukua. Inapokubaliwa kama safari inayoendelea badala ya tukio la mara moja, FPIC inakuza ushirikiano wa kina, na kuwaunganisha washikadau katika mfumo wa kufanya maamuzi. Sio idhini tu—ni muungano, uwezo wa mabadiliko, na moyo wa mabadiliko yanayoongozwa kwa kweli na jamii. Soma zaidi kutoka kwa Javier Mancera.

MFUMO WA USHIRIKIANO WA MRADI:
IDHINI ENDELEVU YA JAMII, MAONI NA MAWASILIANO

UTAMBUZI WA WADAU NA MABADILISHANO YA KITAMADUNI

KANUNI

Jenga uhusiano unaoegemea kwenye uaminifu kupitia mabadilishano ya kitamaduni na ya kijamii ili kuelewa na kuheshimu tamaduni, mila na sheria za jamii.    

TAMBUA

Tambua wamiliki wote wa ardhi, haki na wamiliki wa matumizi ya kimila na washikadau wengine ambao wataathiriwa na mradi wa uhifadhi.

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Tambua matakwa ya kisheria ya kitaifa na miongozo ya ushirikishwaji ya kuzingatia
 

FAHAMU

Kuza uelewa wa pamoja wa muktadha wa ndani na mapengo ya kitamaduni kupitia mikutano ya kubadilishana kitamaduni ya kabla ya mashauriano

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Chora ramani ya ardhi za kimila na wamiliki wa haki za ardhi.

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Weka kumbukumbu na uheshimu maarifa ya jadi au ya ndani ndani ya jamii, ikijumuisha mipango iliyopo ya maendeleo.

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Heshimu mifumo ya maamuzi ya kimila, upatanishi, na utatuzi wa migogoro iliyopo, pamoja na viongozi au watu wenye ushaawishi wasio rasmi ambao ni muhimu katika kufanya maamuzi ya jamii.
 

ZIBA MAPENGO

Jenga uelewa wa pamoja kuhusu haki zote, rasilimali, ardhi na maeneo kwa kuzingatia sheria za kimila kupitia uchoraji wa ramani shirikishi.

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Ikionekana ni muhimu, jumuisha tathmini ya umiliki wa ardhi au uhakiki wa hali ya ardhi.

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Hakikisha ushiriki wa maana wa wanawake na makundi yaliyotengwa au yaliyo katika mazingira magumu huku ukizingatia tamaduni na kanuni za wenyeji.
 

HALALISHA

Thibitisha na jumuiya ambayo wameianzisha, kupitia taratibu za kimila za kufanya maamuzi, watu binafsi au taasisi zitakazowawakilisha katika mchakato mzima wa FPIC.

MBINU BORA YA WILDLIFE WORKS KATIKA UTEKELEZAJI

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FPIC kama Msingi wa Ushirikiano wa Muda Mrefu katika Miradi ya MKUHUMI+ ya Brazili

HAKIKISHA UPATIKANAJI SAWA WA TAARIFA

KANUNI

Fanya kazi na washikadau wa jamii ili kuunda na kusambaza taarifa zinazohitajika kwa maamuzi yao ya kuzingatia taarifa sahihi kuhusu kuanzisha na kuunda mradi wa REDD+.

SAWASISHA UPATIKANAJI WA TAARIFA

Fanikisha na wezesha upatikanaji wa taarifa kwa uwazi, ukamilifu na usawa kwa washikadau wote kuhusu mchakato na matarajio ya REDD+ unaopendekezwa, kwa kuhakikisha kwamba inatolewa au kubuniwa pamoja kwa njia zinazofaa na zinazoombwa kwa makundi yote ya jamii.

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Tumia tafiti zisizoegemea upande wowote ili kuthibitisha kuwa jamii inajiamini katika uwezo wake wa kiufundi ili kushiriki kikamilifu katika mchakato wa FPIC.

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Shirikiana kuunda mafunzoau warsha za ziada ikiwa ni lazima.

WEKA UELEWA WA PAMOJA

Thibitisha na jamii kwamba uelewa wa tamaduni tofauti upo ili kuwezesha mchakato wa mashauriano ulio wa haki.

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Tumia miundo ya utawala iliyowekwa ya jamii ya idhini kushiriki katika mchakato wa FPIC

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Simamia kwa umakini mawasiliano ya pande tofauti ili kuanzisha makubaliano ya pamoja kati ya serikali na jamii.

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Wezesha FPIC kutokea kwa wima (ngazi ya serikali hadi jamii) na mlalo (ndani na miongoni mwa jamii).

HALALISHA

Wahoji wanajamii kwa kutumia mbinu za kuondoa upendeleo na uwezeshe tafiti za kujitathmini ili kuthibitisha kuwa walijihisi kuwa tayari kushiriki kikamilifu.

MBINU BORA YA WILDLIFE WORKS KATIKA UTEKELEZAJI

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Matumizi ya Kucheza katika Kujifunza na Kushiriki katika REDD+

WEZESHA MICHAKATO NA MAKUBALIANO YALIYOUNDWA KWA PAMOJA

KANUNI

Jenga uhirikiano wa haki katika kuandaa mchakato na matokeo.

KUHAMASISHA UWAZI

Weka kumbukumbu, shiriki na hakikisha, shughuli na maamuzi yanapatikana kwa jamii na washikadau.

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Saidia mawasiliano ya uwazi kati ya wawakilishi wa jamii na wanajamii wote. Hili linaweza kuwezeshwa kupitia mashirika na vyama vya kijamii vinavyohusika.

RAHISISHA KUFANYA MAAMUZI KWA HAKI NA USAWA

Hifadhi mifumo ya utawala wa kijamii na michakato ya kidemokrasia, huku ukiimarisha miundo ya utawala iliyopo, kulingana na sheria za kitaifa na vigezo vya haki za binadamu.

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Shirikiana ili kubuni mchakato wa ushiriki na kufanya maamuzi na Watu wa Asili, jamii za kienyeji na washikadau wengine wa haki, ambao utatekelezwa katika kila hatua, katika kipindi chote cha mradi.

KUJENGA UWEZO NA USHIRIKIANO

Shirikisha mashirika ya usaidizi (kwa mfano, wawezeshaji wa kitamaduni, washauri wa kisheria na kifedha) na uunde kamati ya majadiliano ya jamii inapohitajika. Inapofaa au kwa ombi, maendeleo ya utaalam wa kifedha na mipango ya kubadilishana maarifa.

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Imarisha mifumo ya kufanya maamuzi ya ndani au taasisi kupitia uundaji au uimarishaji wa kamati za mitaa, daima hakikisha ushiriki wa maana wa wanawake na makundi yaliyotengwa.

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Tumia mchakato wa Nadharia ya Mabadiliko ya jamii kama msingi wa ushirikiano wa haki wa mradi.

HALALISHA

Wahoji wanajamii kwa kutumia mbinu za kuondoa upendeleo na uwezeshe tafiti za kujitathmini ili kuthibitisha kuwa walijihisi kuwa tayari kushiriki kikamilifu.

MBINU BORA YA WILDLIFE WORKS KATIKA UTEKELEZAJI

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Jamii Zinaongoza Katika Uhifadhi wa Misitu kwa kutumia Mfumo wa "Nadharia ya Mabadiliko"

MAWASILIANO YA UWAZI, YANAYOJUMUISHA

KANUNI

Kufikia makubaliano kunafuata taratibu wazi za mawasiliano na mazungumzo jumuishi, na ya usawa na uthibitishaji kutoka kwa washikadau mbalimbali.

SAMBAZA

Unda mawasiliano ya wazi, na usambaze kwa upana nyenzo zinazofaa kiutamaduni, kupitia njia mbalimbali zinazoweza kufikiwa na makundi yote, ikiwa ni pamoja na wale waliotengwa.

KUZA HATUA ZA PAMOJA

Heshimu mchakato wa makubaliano kama njia ya kurudia, inayojumuisha kujifunza kutoka kwa shughuli zote za FPIC.


Fuata mchakato wa maafikiano unaoongozwa na jamii kulingana na mahitaji yao, wenye misururu ya kutosha ya maoni, unyumbufu na uwajibikaji.

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Ruhusu muda wa kutosha wa majadiliano, maoni na shughuli za maafikiano

KUBALI NA UTIE SAINI

Thibitisha idhini ya jamii kwa ajili ya majadiliano juu ya uidhinishaji wa mradi, utekelezaji, na ugavi wa mapato, unaotokana na matokeo ya tathmini ya athari (SBIA).

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Buni kwa pamoja majadiliano na uthibitisho wa makubaliano ya mradi wa  REDD+, kwa kutumia lugha za kimataifa na za kienyeji kama ilivyokubaliwa kwa pamoja.

HALALISHA

Thibitisha na jamii:

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- Uamuzi huo ulichukuliwa bila kulazimishwa kwa namna yoyote.


- Makubaliano hayo yalijadiliwa kwa mujibu wa mchakato uliokubaliwa.


- Wanaelewa haki zao, ikiwa ni pamoja na haki ya kusema hapana.


- Wanahisi kuwa walikuwa na uwezo wa kutosha wa kitaasisi na kiufundi kujadili makubaliano.


- Walichukulia mchakato wa FPIC kuwa unaofaa kitamaduni na unaojumuisha wanajamii wote.


- Wanajamii wote wanaelewa vipengele vyote vya makubaliano yaliyojadiliwa na athari zake.


- Wanafahamu kikamilifu hatari, majukumu, na wajibu unaoambatana na utekelezaji wa mikataba.

MBINU BORA YA WILDLIFE WORKS KATIKA UTEKELEZAJI

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FPIC katika Mradi wa Gerbang Barito REDD+ nchini Indonesia

UFUATILIAJI NA MAONI KWA AJILI YA MABORESHO ENDELEVU

KANUNI

Maoni endelevu na uboreshaji

UNDA USIMAMIZI UNAOJITEGEMEA

Anzisha mchakato unaoongozwa na jamii, unaojitegemea wa kufuatilia utekelezaji wa mradi na kusimamia makubaliano ya ndani ya jamii na upatanishi. Hakikisha kwamba jamii inapatiana idhini endelevu katika kipindi chote ya mradi.

WEKA TARATIBU ZA MALALAMISHI

Kubaliana na jamii kuhusu mrejesho, usuluhishi, na ufuatiliaji wa taratibu zinazofaa kitamaduni kwa ajili ya makubaliano yaliyotekelezwa.

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Weka utaratibu unaoweza kufikiwa wa malalamiko kwa ajili ya kuripoti maoni yasiyojulikana.

RAHISISHA MAZUNGUMZO YA WAZI

Weka utaratibu wa kuwezesha mazungumzo yanayoendelea, ya wazi na ya pande mbili kati ya jamii na mwekezaji wa mradi ili kuhakikisha kwamba FPIC inakuwa mchakato unaoendelea.

MBINU BORA YA WILDLIFE WORKS KATIKA UTEKELEZAJI

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Kuendesha Meli ya Maendeleo Endelevu: Utawala wa Jamii katika Mradi wa Kasigau Corridor REDD+

FREE, PRIOR AND INFORMED CONSENT FAQS

  • REDD+ is designed to combat deforestation by providing financial incentives for preserving forests. Forests are vital for climate regulation, as they release significant amounts of carbon when destroyed. By preventing deforestation and degradation, REDD+ helps maintain carbon storage and ecosystem health.

    Deforestation is driven by market forces, and market-based solutions like REDD+ can address this issue at scale. REDD+ assigns a financial value to standing forests through the creation of carbon credits. One carbon credit equals one metric ton of carbon dioxide, roughly the amount absorbed by  40 tropical rainforest trees annually. Our REDD+ projects are rigorously monitored and verified by third-party auditors to ensure they adhere to international standards. These standards issue Verified Emissions Reductions (VERs) that companies can purchase to offset their carbon footprint.​

     

    In the early 2000s, economists recognized that without economic alternatives to deforestation, developing countries would deplete their natural resources to match the economic progress of developed nations. The United Nations developed the REDD+ framework to offer these alternatives, creating a "win-win" situation: preserving forests and biodiversity while providing financial compensation to developing countries.

     

    At Wildlife Works, we implement REDD+ to pay  forest communities for their critical role in protecting forests. Before REDD+, these communities received little to no compensation for their stewardship of global ecosystems, despite the immense benefits forests provide through ecosystem services. Compensating these communities for their essential work is a form of environmental justice.

  • As defined by the United Nations, Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC) is a distinct right that belongs to indigenous peoples, acknowledged in the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP). This right empowers indigenous communities to approve or reject any project that may impact them or their lands. They retain the authority to revoke their consent at any time. Additionally, FPIC grants them the ability to negotiate terms under which the project will be planned, executed, monitored, and assessed. This right is also integral to the universal right to self-determination.

  • The baseline represents an estimate of the greenhouse gas emissions that would have taken place if the REDD+ project had not been initiated. This calculation is crucial as it determines the number of carbon credits that can be issued from an avoided deforestation project, determining the financial viability of the project and conservation success  in providing economic alternatives to extractive practices for local communities and Global South host countries. ​

     

    Currently, there are various approaches for calculating baselines, including the use of reference areas, synthetic controls, and risk-based maps with baseline allocations.

  • Additionality refers to proving the emission reductions would not have happened without the incentive of carbon credits. The emissions reductions achieved by protecting a forest need to be “additional” to what would have happened if one of our REDD+ projects had not been implemented.

  • Leakage refers to the increase in greenhouse gas emissions outside the boundaries of a project that can be linked back to the project itself. This phenomenon occurs when deforestation activities are simply relocated to another area after one area is protected, thereby offsetting the positive impact of the original protection effort. A common example of leakage is when a logging company is prevented from cutting down trees in one forest, only to move its operations to a nearby forest.​

     

    Two primary types of leakage are widely recognized: activity-shifting and market leakage. Activity-shifting leakage occurs locally when the deforestation agents move their activities to areas outside the project boundary due to the REDD+ project and continue their deforestation or degradation there. Market leakage happens on a national scale when the REDD+ project significantly reduces the production of a commodity, leading to increased production elsewhere in the country to meet the demand, thus offsetting the original emission reductions.

  • Emission reductions need to deliver long-term mitigation benefits. Storing atmospheric carbon in trees carries inherent risks, especially with the increasing frequency of forest fires due to climate change. We address these risks by implementing rigorous risk management plans to mitigate the impact of such devastating events as forest fires.​ Furthermore, we set aside a portion of carbon credits generated by our projects in a "buffer pool" rather than selling them. If a "reversal" occurs, buffer credits can be canceled from this pool, thereby ensuring the integrity of the previously issued credits.

  • Wildlife Works has implemented REDD+ to pay forest communities for their essential service of protecting our planet’s forests. 


    We authored the first methodology for avoided ecosystem conversion that allowed Kasigau Corridor REDD+ to be the first verified REDD+ project in the VCM and charted a path for other developers to increase the use of this mechanism to protect forests. We continue to develop new technologies for REDD+ monitoring, reporting and verification

  • Land tenure plays a critical role in the success of REDD+ projects. Clear property rights to land (and carbon) are a prerequisite for successful REDD+ projects because land tenure rules define who may access and use the land in and around project areas. Clarity of land ownership also facilitates the creation of revenue-sharing agreements that benefit local communities.  Where carbon rights are tied directly to land tenure, landholders can be compensated in direct proportion to the amount of greenhouse gases sequestered on their property. 

     

    For these reasons, when REDD+ project developers explore potential project sites it can be a catalyst for the clarification and participatory mapping of property rights and boundaries.

  • Our Free and Prior Informed Consent (FPIC) process is consistent with the Cancun safeguards for REDD+ projects defined by the UNFCCC, which "constitute general principles that not only help ensure that REDD+ policies and measures do not cause harm to people and the environment, but also that they have positive effects and enhance social and environmental benefits."

     

    Wildlife Works considers FPIC to be a continuous process, and it is critical to each phase of our projects.Some key features of our FPIC process include:

    • We conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the risks to, and potential (negative) impacts on, various stakeholders and proposed mitigation plans.

    • We provide communities with complete information on the purpose, nature, scale and duration of the project activities

    • This includes information on the planned stakeholder engagement process (e.g., times and venues of public consultation meetings), grievance-registering and management procedures, and opportunities and means by which they can participate.

    • We conduct thorough FPIC during the feasibility phase, before any contracts are signed to establish the project. Our FPIC process includes conducting extensive community outreach and sensitization to community members, in a user-friendly and culturally fitting manner, free of manipulation, interference, coercion and intimidation. If the community partners agree to start the project, FPIC continues throughout the entire life cycle of the project.

    • We implement continuous and meaningful consultation with all project stakeholders, including marginalized groups within the local community.

    • We use an effective and culturally appropriate procedure for which people can provide feedback and complaints.

    • We provide communities with timely disclosure of appropriate information.

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  • Jurisdictional REDD ensures that REDD+ initiatives are integrated across different governance levels, promoting coherence and scalability. Nesting projects into jurisdictional programs can effectively channel finance to the forest areas that are most in danger within a jurisdiction. This facilitates economically efficient protection of standing forests, and pays communities that achieve conservation in the most difficult circumstances.  Nested baselines are also well-suited to scaling the REDD+ market, as they create consistency in baseline accounting across a jurisdiction.  

     

    Finally, using nested baselines also makes it possible to align REDD+ activities with GHG inventory data and the host country’s Paris Agreement climate goals.7  

    Read this explainer on jurisdictional and project baselines.

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